Information! Information! Information! It is all around us, newspapers, radio, television, internet (facebook, blogs, twitter) and posters! We are in the information age it is a known fact. Yet seems that having it all, it being the information, has made us lose our integrity as journalists and jeopardize our relationship with readers. Although journalists are not paid much nor do most become famous, they are held in high regard. I always get wind of admiration and respect after I answer the question ‘What are you studying?’. The answer to which is ‘I am a second year journalism student’. Why is it that journalists are held in high regard? Well because people see us as people who seek and uncover the truth (yes as a journalism student we are taught the truth is subjective but to the lay-man truth and facts are one).
This standard of morality stems from trusting what is said on the news as accurate, accurate as in true. It is famous actor and director Denzel Washington who summoned up today’s phenomenon “If you don’t read the newspaper you uniformed, if you do read it you’re misinformed”. Which is the whole topic of this piece, the state of news reporting today, the competition, does it have a boundary? A limit? When does the want to be first take a backseat for the need to be right? In the South African code of ethics for media and print the first line of the preamble says “The media exist to serve society”. Journalists, editors, the entire media seems to have read this line in a hurry to finish reading, they should have stopped and paused at that line, read it again and take it in.
The Globe and Mail public editor Sylvia Stead writes about “Why being right beats being first” in which she mention the Quebec City mosque attack which left six people dead. When it happened many publications, also online news platforms released information which was not true/factual. Fake names of suspects given and the number of people dead which was also wrong were released before a police briefing had taken place. Now these online sources and publications got what they wanted, first place but in this race your ‘trophy’ gets taken and you are shamed when the facts come out with relevant sources backing up the story. Your publication and platform is no longer trusted in a world where people are already skeptical of the media. In South Africa a racist email allegedly sent from the insurance company employee Miway made the rounds as news which turned out to be fake, not really sent by Miway employee. These stories make it difficult for readers to know what’s real or not real in this photoshop world. The media is powerful and has been powerful, that’s the most ruthless of dictators has always had a firm grip on it.
Our readers, the people, are smarter than we give them credit for. They know the media is powerful, hence it has become untrustworthy. It would seem it has abused its power more than can be tolerated. In the code of ethics for media in South Africa, chapter 1 which is ‘Gathering and reporting of news’ number 1.1 states “The media shall take care to report news truthfully, accurately and fairly”. Media law teaches us not to defame anyone as one, the journalist, might be sued and the publication for publishing. If journalists did the required job with as much integrity as the code of ethics outlines fake news could be exposed as a infiltrator, an outsider and outcast rather than one of us. Media ethics have become blurry and out of touch. Which begs the question, are journalists subjected to the same code of ethics as human beings? No. Obviously not, those code of ethics for journalists exist for a reason. Then where does one draw the line?
Where does one stop being a journalist and become human again? And what is more important in terms of ethics, the deed itself or the outcome? For example, if publishing a story about a corrupt mayor will get him fired even thought he is the breadwinner of his home with a wife and five children, should I do it? Or the bigger picture is he will be fired and state money will help more people in terms of investing in the city, creating employment and such. Is the value of the mayor’s innocent family more important than the value of the more people in need of state help. It’s between these teleological and deontological waves where we find a moral compass. Teleological ethics focus on the outcome, the consequence of an action, how much good or bad comes from any action is the value of a moral deed/sin or wrong. Deontological ethics say it is a must to be ethical, it is duty, you don’t choice because you have no choice! What you do now is important not the outcome! Just be good! And shut up!
I personally think one has a choice to be ethical but, there are situations where being ethical/moral is an obligation. For example the case of the corrupt mayor, you have a obligation to expose him, you watch the state for mal practice this is what you do! How you do it is a different story. I believe journalists are under teleological ethics, the outcome is important, the journey not so much. Journalists fall under utilitarianism, where the action must produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people. And in most cases journalists must, it is obligation, they must find Aristotle’s Golden Mean, where the point between lacking and excess meet, the equilibrium. That’s is why you can be right and first, as a publication, one just has to prioritize one more than the other. The deputy editor of The Globe and Mail Sinclair Stewart said it best “Our paramount job, as Globe journalists, is to be accurate. Better to be right, and hopefully fast with the news, than fast with the news, and hopefully right”. (1000 words)
REFERENCES
Washington,D, 2016, Denzel Washington destroys the leberal media over “fake news”, online video, viewed on 17 October 2017, viewed from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KrE1ZvldiFE
Stead,S, 2017, Why being right beats being first, The Globe and Mail, viewed on 11 October 2017, viewed from https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/community/inside-the-globe/public-editor-why-being-right-beats-being-first/article33855860/?ref=http://www.theglobeandmail.com&
Press Council, 2016, Code of ethics for South African print and online media, viewed on 11 October 2017, viewed from http://www.presscouncil.org.za/ContentPage?code=PRESSCODE
Enca, 2017, Miway dismisses racist email as fake, viewed on 17 October 2017, viewed from https://www.enca.com/south-africa/miway-dismisses-racist-email-as-fake-news
Business Jargons, Teleological Ethical Theories, viewed on 09 October 2017, viewed from http://businessjargons.com/teleological-ethical-theories.html